The Effect on Civilian Life
Though the soldiers were the ones overseas fighting, the civilians did not have it easy at home. Civilians were targeted by the government and expected to pay higher taxes and donate to soldiers. The taxes all contributed to getting the country out of debt, because of how much had been spent on the war. Food was also a major concern and the government suggested in all ways possible not to let any food go to waste, and to send what little food most families had, to the soldiers overseas. Propaganda made everything appear to be going good overseas and that there were not many casualties, though in reality, Germany was winning most of the wars, and most soldiers never returned home. Women were also expected to step up and play a larger role in society since most men had gone to war.
Women's Roles During World War I
Since most men, husbands, and fathers were off at war, the women were expected to assume their roles to keep society going. This was the first opportunity women had to have equal rights. They assumed roles in factories and were expected to help the war efforts from home. Most women would work where their husband worked to fill in for him, and at home they would knit clothing and gather left over food to send to the soldiers. The women had more power than they had ever had before, though this was only temporary. When a soldier came home, or a new male came looking for a job, a woman was dismissed and sent back home. Even after being sent back home many of the women still assisted in making clothing for the soldiers.
Loretta Perfectus Walsh
Loretta Perfectus Walsh grew up in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She became the first active-duty woman to join the Navy in history at just age 18. She became the first woman Navy petty officer just three days after being sworn in, and twelve days after that, President Woodrow Wilson declared War. After this monumental step taken by a woman, more women joined the Navy and served during World War I. After the war had ended, the women recruits subsided and there were few women left in the Navy. Even after she was released from active duty, Walsh continued inactive status. Her contributions were enormous, allowing for the first time in history for a woman to receive a man's pay and benefits.
Propaganda in World War I
Propaganda in World War I was used to inspire patriotism and support of the citizens to assist in war efforts. Though very much biased and one-sided, the Propaganda only showed what the government wanted the people to know and convey. The types of propaganda ranged from asking for donations, enlisting in the army, to volunteering as a nurse, or making clothes for the troops. The ultimate goal of propaganda was to get help from the people by conveying images and catchy slogans to gain support and rally patriotism.